![]() Globally and Administratively scoped addresses To solve the problem of needing to traverse Layer 2 broadcasted traffic through routed networks, devices rely upon the concept of using Layer 3 broadcast overlays based on IP multicasting protocols, IGMP, and IGMP snooping. These IGMP protocols operate at Layer 3 (Routing).Īt Layer 2 (Switching), the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) developed "IGMP Snooping" to allow switches to work with the Layer 3 (Routing) IGMP protocol. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) developed IP multicasting protocols with the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) to deliver single streams of information to multiple recipients, guaranteeing that all group members can receive messages, all group members can send messages, and group members can leave and join groups dynamically. The OSI helps visualize the hand-offs related to the specific jobs and protocols performed at each layer during data transfers occurring on the network. Networked AV devices, switches, and routers communicate using unicast, multicast, and broadcast protocols that follow the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model Managed switches use VLANs to segment layer 2 broadcast domains while leveraging routers to forward packets between VLANs to physically and logically distant networks. Switching and routing together provide scalability, bandwidth, and administrative controls over logically separated network traffic creating the means for a very robust network solution. The solution to complex AV networks rely upon switching and routing network topologies. A single broadcast domain network requires little to no configuration, but lacks the scalability required to meet bandwidth demands of complex AV networks. ![]() Basic network switches provide network devices the capability to communicate within a single broadcast domain.
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